MindTap Growth and Development Practice Test

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• Low birth weight is associated with what risk?
• How do moral emotions relate to moral reasoning, and how does this relate to Kohlberg's emphasis?
• Which of the following statements is NOT true about child care?
• How do genetics and environment interact in development according to behavioral genetics?
• Which areas does the Bayley Scales assess in early development?
• In the three-layer model of information processing, which are the components?
• During adolescence, how do puberty-related changes affect cognitive and social development?
• Which of the following is a gross motor skill commonly developed by ages 3 to 4?
• At approximately what age do children begin to distinguish intentional actions from accidental actions?
• What are typical language milestones in the first year of life?
• Which statement best identifies the teratogen most commonly associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders?
• During which prenatal stage do organs and major structures develop?
• What is a cohort effect and why is it important in interpreting developmental data?
• Define temperament and name one dimension used to describe it.
• Name Baumrind's four parenting styles and one typical outcome for a child raised by an authoritative parent.
• Which Big Five trait is described as being cooperative and eager to help others?
• Which statement best describes crystallized intelligence?
• Cross-sequential design in developmental research combines which elements and why?
• What is the most common outcome of prenatal exposure to alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs?
• Which learners are more likely at risk for serious aggression and behavior problems?
• Which option best describes the emphasis of socioemotional selectivity theory in aging?
• Which of the following is an example showing basic emotions?
• The benefits of early music training for children extend to which domains?
• Which statement defines a critical period in prenatal development?
• In the information processing model, which component holds incoming sensory information briefly before processing?
• Which statement does not accurately describe patterns of temperament and personality?
• Which statement correctly defines a teratogen and provides valid examples?
• Describe Piaget's sensorimotor stage and a milestone associated with it.
• Epigenetics studies which of the following?
• Which Big Five trait describes sociability and assertiveness?
• What is the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and why is it important for growth?
• Which statement best defines a teratogen and provides an example?
• Children learn to regulate their emotions from caregivers who are sensitive to their emotional cues.
• Which personality trait does not predict achievement?
• What is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disabilities?
• Research on pro-social behavior indicates it is associated with changes in peer relations such as:
• Which ability develops by the end of the sensorimotor stage?
• A child weighs 3.5 pounds at birth. This indicates an increased probability of what?
• A clinician labels a child as having a nonorganic failure to thrive. The most likely cause is
• True or False: The rate of glucose consumption in young children's brains during early childhood is relatively low.
• Disorganized attachment is best described as which combination?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between caregiver relationships and growth?
• Which description best matches disorganized attachment?
• Define a teratogenic window and give an example of a critical period in prenatal development.
• What parenting style is associated with better adjustment for children after divorce?
• What is the key difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal research designs in developmental psychology?
• Which statement best describes how sleep patterns typically change from infancy to older adulthood?
• Which statement about positive emotions and motivation is correct?
• Which statement about aging and memory is most accurate?
• Which attachment style is described as wary of strangers, anxious, not focused, insecure, and asking a lot of questions?
• What is the Apgar score and when is it assessed?
• Which statement best contrasts fluid and crystallized intelligence and their typical aging patterns?
• Which pairing correctly matches a common age-related cognitive change with a mitigation strategy?
• Identify the example that best illustrates a critical period outside language development.
• Motor problems such as poor balance and handwriting tend to accompany which condition?
• According to the 2010 US Census, what is the most common family structure?
• Which of the following are examples of punishment?
• Individual differences in brain structures help explain which of the following?
• How does neuroplasticity change across the lifespan?
• In early language development, which statement is accurate about receptive and expressive language?
• Which temperament trait is defined partially by inhibiting impulses and resisting distractions?
• Outside human language, which example best illustrates a critical period in development?
• According to the American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines, which statement about media use is correct?
• Which research design is most susceptible to cohort effects?
• Which statement best integrates nutrition, environment, and development?
• In Erikson's theory, what is the stage that follows adolescence?
• Which statement best distinguishes intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and their impact on development?
• According to Gesell's theories, motor development can be sped up with exercise, but only to a limited extent.
• Vikram is two years old, and his father travels often. Vikram looks forward to his father's return, when they typically play together and then talk over snacks. Psychologists would refer Vikram's attachment as:
• In psychology, attachment is an excessive dependency on the part of a child toward the parent.
• Which statement about Piaget's theory is true?
• Which outcome is most likely for a child exposed prenatally to alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs?
• Which statement best describes authoritative parenting and its typical outcomes for children?
• Which sequence correctly describes the three primary stages of prenatal development and a key characteristic of each?
• Which of the following statements is NOT an accurate description of the most contemporary views of language learning?
• Socioemotional selectivity theory describes aging's effect on goals and relationships. Which statement reflects this theory?
• What is theory of mind, and at what approximate age does it typically emerge?
• Which description best matches ambivalent attachment?
• Why do kindergarten children have more synapses than at birth and than their teachers?
• As a child, Angelo was bullied in school. As an adult, Angelo fills with anger each time he drives by the old school building. Which explanation best accounts for Angelo's negative feelings toward school?
• High levels of cortisol in children can contribute to developmental delays. True or False?
• A three-year-old who cries inconsolably when separated from her mother and remains distressed upon her return is best described as which attachment style?
• Which scenario best demonstrates inhibitory control in early childhood?
• What ethical considerations are central to developmental research involving children?
• What best describes the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and its use in instruction?
• Which option correctly lists Maslow's hierarchy in order from bottom to top?
• Which statement is supported by the material regarding insecure attachment and child care?
• What is the effect of pruning on synapses?
• Describe Erikson's integrity vs despair stage and what contributes to integrity in late adulthood.
• Which action is an example of a gross motor skill commonly seen in 3- to 4-year-olds?
• Which statement best reflects the effectiveness of retrieval practice for aging memory?
• Which of the following provide evidence for the nativist view of language acquisition?
• Which statement aligns with nativist perspectives on language acquisition?
• Which Big Five trait is associated with imagination and openness to new experiences?
• Which statement best describes the movement pattern of children in nuclear families?
• Compare Kohlberg's levels of moral development and provide a core idea of each level.
• What is a key instructional strategy within the Zone of Proximal Development?
• What is object permanence and at approximately what age does it typically emerge?
• Which behaviorist is known for studying rats in specifically designed cages?
• Piaget's four developmental stages primarily track which aspect of children's thinking?
• What is a key benefit of a cross-sequential design in developmental research?
• Which term best describes the understanding that objects continue to exist even when not visible?
• Which list contains the five factors of the Five-Factor Model?
• The National School Lunch Program is said to especially help
• Which level of Maslow's hierarchy represents the need for close relationships and belonging?
• Which scenario best demonstrates inhibitory control in early childhood?
• Prosocial cognition plays a central role in which domain?
• Which statement best describes sleep in older adults?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of promoting motor skill development in early childhood?
• Which statement best defines brain plasticity?
• Which statement about brain energy use in early childhood is accurate?
• What is the lifespan perspective in development?
• Which statement describes secure attachment in toddlers when a caregiver returns?
• Sensitive periods are characterized by rapid development of specific abilities during a narrow window.
• Which statement describes secure attachment in toddlers?
• Which maternal employment condition is associated with negative outcomes for children?
• At what age do self-interest and selectivity begin to inhibit a child's universal impulse to share?
• What components make up each neuron?
• Which of the following is an example of altruistic behavior?
• Which of the following are common causes of low birth rate?
• Which term describes the system that holds and manipulates information in the short term during cognitive tasks?
• Which stage and central crisis characterize adolescence?
• Pro-social behavior is positively correlated with which of the following?
• Which statement best defines brain plasticity?
• Which of the Big Five traits is associated with emotional instability?
• Practicing motor skills in the classroom supports learning by which observed effect?
• What is the A-not-B error and what does it reveal about infant cognition?
• Distinguish between secure and insecure attachment patterns in infancy.
• In the first few months, infants can do which of the following by reading faces and tones of voice?
• Which of the following are components of executive functions?
• Name two types of memory that commonly change with aging and how they change.
• Growth may be stunted even when physical needs are met if a child lacks
• How does Erikson's psychosocial theory describe the first stage of development and its central conflict?
• At which stage do most children begin to be able to follow simple commands?
• The development of the prefrontal cortex during early childhood primarily enables children to:
• How is habituation used to test how much infants know?
• Which statements about sensitive periods are true?
• What is an important discovery in neuroscience about how the brain is constructed?
• How does secure attachment influence later social development?
• Which of the following is a predictor of individual differences in pro-social behavior?
• How do social and emotional factors influence physical health in aging?
• Name a widely used assessment for cognitive development in early childhood.
• Which statement best defines social referencing?
• When conducting research involving children, which practice best protects vulnerable participants?
• Adopted children before six months typically show what kind of developmental trajectory if the home environment is supportive?
• A student living in a negative family environment who tends to overreactive stress responses is most likely to exhibit which traits?
• Which statement best describes Piaget's view of knowledge in relation to behaviorist theories?
• Which of the following is best supported by research as a cause of the negative outcomes linked to divorce?
• What are some advantages of breastfeeding?
• By the end of the sensorimotor stage, infants are capable of:
• What is the major global cause of stunted growth in children?
• Compared to other family structures, nuclear families tend to have
• Which statement best reflects the role of social interaction in language development?
• Which example is a fine motor skill commonly developed by ages 2 to 3?
• Which of the following are examples of positive reinforcement?
• Children are more likely to adjust adequately after divorce if their parents
• What is the role of neuroplasticity across the lifespan?
• Research on children adopted before 6 months of age tends to show that they usually catch up if the home environment is supportive, but it often takes more than a year.
• Which description best matches avoidant attachment?
• Which statement describes the maturation pattern of the adolescent brain linked to increased risk-taking and challenges in emotion regulation?
• The development of the prefrontal cortex during early childhood enables children to:
• In Maslow's hierarchy, which level represents the highest potential for personal growth?
• Explain the lifespan development approach and why it is multidimensional.
• Which ability do infants have in the first few months of life when reading faces and tones of voice?
• Which Big Five trait is associated with being organized and dependable?
• Which of the following are fine motor skills typically developed between ages 2 and 3?
• Social referencing helps a child determine how to respond in ambiguous situations by observing what?
• Nonorganic failure to thrive is most often associated with which factor?
• Which statement best describes selective optimization with compensation in aging?
• According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Jaxon uses his gang to fulfill which need?
• Which should a teacher provide to students to help their brain develop?
• Which Maslow level corresponds to the need for esteem and recognition?
• Which process leads to a temporary increase in the number of synapses during early development?
• Which item is not part of the Apgar score assessment?
• Children in center-based care automatically become more socially competent simply because they have opportunities to play with peers.
• Which factor is commonly linked to slower growth or motor development in infancy?
• According to Maslow, what is the root cause of bad behavior?
• Which factor can facilitate positive outcomes for infants adopted early?
• Which statement best reflects gender and ethnicity differences in growth and motor development?